Books & Essays
This page brings together books, essays, research updates, and selected publications concerning Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID), bodily autonomy, identity, and related ethical questions.

📖 Body Integrity Dysphoria: Exploring the Ethics of On-Demand Amputation
Are you truly the owner of your own body, or merely its custodian on behalf of society?
Body Integrity Dysphoria and the Ethical Demand for On-Demand Amputation is a groundbreaking examination of autonomy, dignity, and bodily self-determination at the limits of modern medicine. Drawing on original fieldwork and medical interviews, the book interrogates the moral implications of BID’s classification in ICD-11, the contested legitimacy of elective amputation, and the unstable boundary between health, impairment, and identity.
By placing BID at the centre of contemporary debates on medical authority and human rights, the book challenges prevailing assumptions about what it means to have a body—and who is ultimately entitled to decide its fate.
Research Feed
- Wishing for Amputation: Three Theories of Body Integrity Dysphoria (BID)
- What BID Shares with Gender Dysphoria, and Where the Comparison Ends
- When a Story Becomes a Diagnosis
- Identity Is Either Too Big a Word or Too Small a One
- The Two Surgeries: Why Medicine Says Yes to One Body and No to Another
- Dr Leandro Loriga Certified by the American Philosophical Practitioners Association
- MUNI Scientist Awards: Honors for Outstanding Medical Research
- Dr Loriga interviewed by Masaryk University on Body Integrity Dysphoria and bodily autonomy
- Toronto Star: Virtual Reality and Body Integrity Dysphoria
- Zázraky medicíny (9/2025): Interview with Dr. Leandro Loriga on Body Integrity Dysphoria
- Behavioral and neural effects of virtual embodiment in individuals with Body Integrity Dysphoria
- Health-seeking behavior and anxiety of cancer patients in Bangladesh during the COVID-19 pandemic: A cross-sectional study
- ICD-11 Diagnosis of Body Integrity Dysphoria: A Case Report
- Bridging the gap between neurology and psychiatry in body integrity identity disorder
- The hidden side of body integrity dysphoria: aberrant limbic responses to dynamic touch


